• Introduction
• Chapter 1: Defining Your Business
  • Choosing Your Niche
  • A Business Plan
  • Market & Location
  • About Your Competitors
  • Home Based Office Vs. Retail Location
  • The Facility
• Chapter 2: Advertising And Promotion
  • Promoting Your Engraving Business & Products
  • Getting The Word Out
  • World Wide Web/Internet
• Chapter 3: Equipment
  • Which Engraving System Is Right For Me?
  • The Basic System
  • Spindles
  • Nosecones
  • Cutters
  • Engraving Accessories
  • Engraving Peripherals
  • Third-Party Software
• Chapter 4: Operations
  • Computer Strategy
  • Purchasing from Suppliers
  • Pricing Your Services and Products
• Chapter 5: The Engraving Process
  • Engraving Methods
  • Design Elements
  • Layout and Job Design
• Chapter 6: Materials
  • Plastic
  • Reverse-Engraved Materials
  • Metals
  • Glass & Crystal
  • Wood
  • New Options for Engravers
• Chapter 7: Basic Engraving Techniques
  • Approaching the Job
  • Proper Depth Control
  • Diamond-Drag Engraving
  • Burnishing
  • Oxidizing Engraved Metal
  • First-Surface Rotary Engraving
  • Non-Nose Ride Engraving
• Chapter 8: Advanced Engraving Techniques
  • Reverse Engraving
  • Engraving On Glass
  • Creating Cut-Out Shapes
  • Engraving Thin Gauge Materials
  • Engraving Stainless Steel
  • Engraving Odd-Shaped Items
  • Engraving Gift Items
  • 3-D Engraving
  • Engraving Extra-Long Plates
  • Using Your Engraver As A Router
• Chapter 9: Troubleshooting And Maintenance
  • Engraving Problems And Solutions
  • Equipment Maintenance
• Chapter 10: Summary & Conclusion
• Appendix A: Business Resources
• Appendix B: Cutter Chart
• Appendix C: Glossary Of Terms

Design Elements

Once the basic engraving methods are understood, a job or layout must be developed. The basic concepts of design layout are the same for manual or computerized engraving systems. In both cases some amount of planning for the layout's final appearance is necessary. In computerized design, the operator is assisted by the software and has graphics or fonts to help achieve the final look. The first step in the computerized engraving process is to create or obtain the individual design elements to be used in your job or layout*. The elements you put into your engraving software (such as company logos, creative borders, interesting clip-art, etc.) can affect the appearance of your work, and can add a great deal of appeal.

* Many people use the word job or layout interchangeably. It is better to think of jobs as having specific customer information in them such as names and dates unique to that layout. Layouts, on the other hand, may be used over and over again simply by changing the text or data in the job.

If these items are not part of your in-house library and are supplied by your customer, consider the following:

1. Be extremely careful when loading the file provided by a customer. Check the file for viruses.


2. Know what program and version of software the image or layout was created in. The work provided may not be compatible with you software or system. The file may not be able to be opened by your programs. Know what file formats your software can use and ask your customer to provide their files in one of those formats.


3. Customers" think" they are doing you a favor by giving you a logo "they" have created. Nine out of ten times you will probably be better off starting with a good camera-ready (scanable) artwork and cleaning up the logo yourself. Logos created in CorelDraw™ may have so many points in them that the run time of the engraving may be too long. Additional points in the graphic result in excessive cutter-up and cutter-down movements, the result of which is reduced productivity.

Obtaining images or "shapes"

Shapes are vector images that can be generated in a computer graphics program, or loaded off a CD-ROM as clip-art. (See examples) Any method for generating these elements must ultimately create a vector image and any vector image is a shape. Shapes can also be borders, dingbats, calligraphic elements or any other object of decoration. Shapes can be used to cut out objects for things like state badges, heart or bone-shaped pet tags and any other object that is more complex than the standard rectangular shape.

Aside from clip-art, there are several different methods for obtaining vector shapes. One is to trace a bitmap in a drawing program, (usually by making it un-editable and drawing new vector lines on top of it). Two others are digitizing and scanning.

Digitizing is the process of using a special tablet for tracing artwork, which then comes into the computer as a vector drawing. Digitizing can be very accurate, but requires the purchase of a tablet and learning how to do the tracing. Digitizing needs very little clean up, but is time-consuming. With the possible exception of clip-art, digitizing can produce the highest-quality results available.

Scanning is similar to digitizing in that you are taking an outside image and transferring it into the computer. Scanned images come into the computer as a Bitmap (BMP) format, and then need to be put through a vectorizing program, to be converted into an engravable form. Scanning is quicker and easier than digitizing, but the hardware is more expensive and the vectorized artwork may need additional clean up.

Fonts and Typestyles

Fonts are pre-generated letters (and occasionally pictures in the form of a font), which can be easily placed in the same way as normal text. While your layout software can place text and fonts, sometimes it is necessary to create logos or designs using typestyles that are not possible within your engraving software. Creating distorted or oddly positioned type is best done in illustration programs such as you would use for shapes, and then they are exported into your layout software.